Medical and surgical microscopes are widely employed in hospitals for medical examination and surgical procedures. There are various kinds of microscopes which are employed in medical and surgical applications. Ordinary compound microscopes are used primarily in the field of medicine and biology therefore these microscopes are often called medical or biological microscopes.

Phase contrast microscopes are sometimes called medical microscopes because these are sometimes employed in medical applications. Phase contrast microscope is used when specimens are difficult to see through a medical microscope, scientists used dyes to stain the studied specimens. Ultraviolet and infrared microscopes are also employed medically. This type of microscope enables biologists and doctors to study the chemical make-ups of small objects, analyze the different chemicals, and even watch the chemical changes happening inside them.

Polarizing microscopes are also employed medically because it is used to study drugs, chemicals, foods, living tissues, fibers, plastics, poisonous materials in water and air, radioactivity, and cosmic dust. Interference microscopes are also employed medically because these types of microscopes are used to measure the exact weight of an object or even part of an object like the nucleus of a cell.

Stereomicroscopes are another type of microscopes that can be employed medically. These types of microscopes are used to study small objects in three dimensions. In dissecting small living material, this type of microscope is used.

Electron microscopes are also used for medical and surgical applications. While light microscope magnifies an object about 1,400 times, an electron microscope magnifies 1,000,000 times. It uses beams of electron focused by magnetic or electric lenses. The image appears on the screen coated with fluorescent material. The image can be photographed, and the picture enlarged for closed-up studies.

X-ray microscopes are also used in various medical applications. Through these microscopes, scientists can see through whole living objects or solid materials. It can also discover the chemical elements that make up the material studied.

ENT Microscopes are medical surgical and dental surgical operating microscopes. The ENT microsurgical microscopes are excellent for ear, nose and throat physicians for examination and surgical use.

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